How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is just a child's issue but it can affect adults. Finding a doctor and treating ADHD can improve the quality of life for a person.
An evaluation for ADHD could involve a conversation with the person and family members. The specialist could review the school records of the past to determine if the symptoms started as a child.
Signs and symptoms
ADHD is a condition that affects work, school as well as home life. Everyone has difficulty concentrating and focusing at times. A person must show major symptoms in two of these areas, and have a significant impact on everyday functioning to be diagnosed with ADHD. The symptoms must have also been present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire with the patient about his or her symptoms, as well as regarding any medical issues or family history. They can also use rating systems to assess symptoms in adults and children. These questionnaires are often based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms such as hyperactivity, inattention and the tendency to be impulsive.
For adults, doctors might ask to speak with someone else in the family or who know the patient well. This isn't to doubt the authenticity of the person, but rather to gain more insight into the person's behavior that cannot be gathered from an interview. They could inquire about childhood behavior and refer to old school records in order to determine if symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before making a diagnosis the doctor will conduct an extensive physical examination and run lab tests to rule other ailments like thyroid problems or head injuries that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the patient's list of medications. Certain medications for depression, high blood pressure and other conditions can interact with stimulants, and the doctor will consider these when recommending treatments. This is why it's important for adults to talk to their primary care providers in the event that they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must occur in at least two or more environments (like home, school and at work) and have a significant impact on functioning. The symptoms must have appeared before the age of 12 and must not be caused by another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
A mental health professional or doctor will employ a variety tools during the evaluation which include ADHD symptom checklists, standardized behavior rating scales and a detailed history. They can also speak with family members or friends to learn what the symptoms have done to them. They will ask if the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of other mental health conditions or physical conditions.
The evaluators will decide if the symptoms are severe or mild. They will also review the patient's medical and family history to determine if there are any root causes behind their condition, such as thyroid problems or head injuries.
In certain instances an evaluator might decide to conduct a cognitive test or request an imaging test to rule out other causes for their symptoms, such as learning disabilities, mood disorders personality disorders, and addiction to drugs. People with these issues often appear differently from those with no issues. For instance, boys are more likely to have hyperactive symptoms while girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
Many people with ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical study to try out new treatments. While this is a fantastic way to help further research, it's important for participants to know that the main purpose of these studies is to gain scientific knowledge and do not necessarily ensure that they will receive treatment. For more information on clinical trials, visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
If you suspect you have ADHD, find a professional who is trained to identify the disorder. Contact your health insurance company to inquire if ADHD specialists are covered. You could also ask your family physician or other health professionals for recommendations. Additionally, referrals from word-of-mouth are a great option.
A doctor will interview the patient -- or their parents, in the case of children -- about their symptoms. They may use standard questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and ask for information from other people in the patient's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insight can reveal more than what can be learned from questionnaires.
A professional will also want to examine any records that the individual may have, particularly old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is often determined by the past of a person. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must be present from the time of childhood (technically prior to the age of 12).
Physical examinations are also typically performed. It checks for other medical conditions that may be causing the symptoms, such as thyroid problems or seizure disorders. A neurological exam is usually conducted by the expert to assess motor control and coordination. Psychological tests that measure the level of intelligence and ability can be utilized. In addition one could be asked to complete simple computer tasks to test memory and attention. This could help an expert determine whether the person is hyperactive or inattentive. The specialist will determine the best treatment plan and then make an assessment. Typically, the treatment plan includes therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping techniques and help change negative thinking patterns. This therapy is offered by a primary doctor or a mental healthcare professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD get better by taking medication. However this isn't the only treatment for the condition. Children, teenagers and adults are also able to benefit from psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or a combination of both. These therapies help them cope and learn to live with their ADHD symptoms. They may also include psychoeducation, which is a form of education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They could include family members, teachers and professionals.
It's important to locate a health care provider or mental health professional with expertise in treating ADHD. You can ask others who suffer from ADHD for suggestions or refer to a mental health provider you've met. You can also conduct an online search. It is recommended to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
The doctor will ask you or your child about the symptoms and problems that are caused by ADHD. They will conduct a physical examination and check for any other health conditions that may trigger similar symptoms. They will look over your or your child's medical and family information, school records and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) that is primarily designed to diagnose children and adolescents, has a harder time diagnosing ADHD in adults. Your doctor will talk to you or your child regarding their symptoms, and may ask others who spend many hours with them to complete questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants such as methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine and nonstimulants such as atomoxetine, or other antidepressants. They work by boosting levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD have co-occurring disorders such as depression or anxiety. Treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavioral treatment, which teaches skills like managing time and tasks and emotional self-regulation.
Therapists can help patients manage their symptoms by changing their lifestyle. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is crucial for people with ADHD tend to consume more sugar and fat, and eat fewer vegetables and fruits than other people. Making social and family relationships a top priority can help decrease stress and make individuals feel more in charge of their lives.
adhd adults diagnosis uk of an ADHD diagnosis is that it gives adults and children an understanding understanding of their challenges. A child diagnosed with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their requirements to teachers or their friends. Once a teacher understands that this is not an individual issue or because of a lack of time, they can provide accommodations.
A professional who evaluates ADHD will ask questions geared towards the person's specific age, talk to family members and teachers, read medical records, and check for any comorbid conditions. For adults, records from school could be helpful in determining if the ADHD symptoms began before adulthood.
The expert will also check for any hearing or vision issues with hearing or vision. They might also conduct an examination of the blood to determine the presence of certain hormones, as well as other health conditions which can cause ADHD-like signs and symptoms.